diff --git a/src/grep.c b/src/grep.c
index b145d7d..78e70e0 100644
--- a/src/grep.c
+++ b/src/grep.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <regex.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
+/* constants */
 #ifndef PROGNAME
 # define PROGNAME	"grep"
 #endif
diff --git a/src/head.c b/src/head.c
index 3a1900f..74da0e1 100644
--- a/src/head.c
+++ b/src/head.c
@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"head"
+#endif
+
 
 /* head */
 static int _head_error(char const * message, int ret);
@@ -39,7 +44,7 @@ static int _head(int flgn, int filec, char * filev[])
 
 static int _head_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fputs("head: ", stderr);
+	fputs(PROGNAME ": ", stderr);
 	perror(message);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -69,7 +74,7 @@ static int _head_do(int flgn, char const * filename)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: head [-n number][file...]\n\
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " [-n number][file...]\n\
   -n	Print first number lines on standard output\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/kill.c b/src/kill.c
index 433a402..c9ace4a 100644
--- a/src/kill.c
+++ b/src/kill.c
@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@
 #include <strings.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"kill"
+#endif
+
 
 /* kill */
 /* private */
@@ -120,7 +125,7 @@ static int _kill(int sig, int argc, char * argv[])
 		pid = strtol(argv[i], &p, 10);
 		if(argv[i][0] == '\0' || *p != '\0')
 		{
-			fprintf(stderr, "%s%s%s", "kill: ", argv[i],
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s%s%s", PROGNAME ": ", argv[i],
 					": Invalid process number\n");
 			ret |= 1;
 			continue;
@@ -146,7 +151,7 @@ static int _kill_list(int argc, char * argv[])
 /* error */
 static int _kill_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", "kill", message);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", PROGNAME, message);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -154,8 +159,8 @@ static int _kill_error(char const * message, int ret)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: kill -s signal_name pid...\n\
-       kill -l [exit_status]\n\
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " -s signal_name pid...\n\
+       " PROGNAME " -l [exit_status]\n\
   -l	Write all signal values supported\n\
   -s	Specify the signal to send\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
diff --git a/src/link.c b/src/link.c
index 2f155be..df19e91 100644
--- a/src/link.c
+++ b/src/link.c
@@ -18,6 +18,11 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"link"
+#endif
+
 
 /* link */
 static int _link_error(char const * message, int ret);
@@ -31,7 +36,7 @@ static int _link(char * file1, char * file2)
 
 static int _link_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fputs("link: ", stderr);
+	fputs(PROGNAME ": ", stderr);
 	perror(message);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -40,7 +45,7 @@ static int _link_error(char const * message, int ret)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: link file1 file2\n", stderr);
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " file1 file2\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/ln.c b/src/ln.c
index 3f0e8d9..d985de4 100644
--- a/src/ln.c
+++ b/src/ln.c
@@ -25,6 +25,11 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"ln"
+#endif
+
 
 /* types */
 /* force link */
@@ -62,7 +67,7 @@ static int _ln(LinkForce lf, LinkType lt, int argc, char * argv[])
 
 static int _ln_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fputs("ln: ", stderr);
+	fputs(PROGNAME ": ", stderr);
 	perror(message);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -113,8 +118,8 @@ static int _ln_multiple(LinkForce lf, LinkType lt, int argc, char * argv[])
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: ln [-fs] source_file target_file\n\
-       ln [-fs] source_file ... target_dir\n\
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " [-fs] source_file target_file\n\
+       " PROGNAME " [-fs] source_file ... target_dir\n\
   -f	Force existing destination pathnames to be removed\n\
   -s	Create symbolic links instead of hard links\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
diff --git a/src/locale.c b/src/locale.c
index 7701bb1..d7623be 100644
--- a/src/locale.c
+++ b/src/locale.c
@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"locale"
+#endif
+
 
 /* prefs */
 typedef int Prefs;
@@ -92,8 +97,8 @@ static int _locale_do(Prefs * p, char const * locale)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: locale [-a | -m]\n\
-      locale [-ck]\n", stderr);
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " [-a | -m]\n\
+      " PROGNAME " [-ck]\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/logname.c b/src/logname.c
index 79fb370..5bdc3f3 100644
--- a/src/logname.c
+++ b/src/logname.c
@@ -18,6 +18,11 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"logname"
+#endif
+
 
 /* logname */
 static int _logname_error(char const * message, int ret);
@@ -34,7 +39,7 @@ static int _logname(void)
 
 static int _logname_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fputs("logname: ", stderr);
+	fputs(PROGNAME ": ", stderr);
 	perror(message);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -43,7 +48,7 @@ static int _logname_error(char const * message, int ret)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: logname\n", stderr);
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME "\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/mkdir.c b/src/mkdir.c
index 1640845..7a55b69 100644
--- a/src/mkdir.c
+++ b/src/mkdir.c
@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@
 #define COMMON_MODE
 #include "common.c"
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"mkdir"
+#endif
+
 
 /* mkdir */
 static int _mkdir_error(char const * message, int ret);
@@ -47,7 +52,7 @@ static int _mkdir(int flagp, mode_t mode, int filec, char * filev[])
 
 static int _mkdir_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fputs("mkdir: ", stderr);
+	fputs(PROGNAME ": ", stderr);
 	perror(message);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -81,7 +86,7 @@ static int _mkdir_p(mode_t mode, char * pathname)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: mkdir [-p][-m mode] dir...\n\
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " [-p][-m mode] dir...\n\
   -p	Create any missing intermediate pathname components\n\
   -m	File permission bits of the newly-created directory\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
diff --git a/src/mkfifo.c b/src/mkfifo.c
index 3bdead1..db101b5 100644
--- a/src/mkfifo.c
+++ b/src/mkfifo.c
@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@
 #define COMMON_MODE
 #include "common.c"
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"mkfifo"
+#endif
+
 
 /* mkfifo */
 static int _mkfifo_error(char const * message, int ret);
@@ -41,7 +46,7 @@ static int _mkfifo(mode_t mode, int filec, char * filev[])
 
 static int _mkfifo_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fputs("mkfifo: ", stderr);
+	fputs(PROGNAME ": ", stderr);
 	perror(message);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -50,7 +55,7 @@ static int _mkfifo_error(char const * message, int ret)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: mkfifo [-m mode] file...\n\
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " [-m mode] file...\n\
   -m	Create fifo with the specified mode value\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/more.c b/src/more.c
index c23e752..b4369db 100644
--- a/src/more.c
+++ b/src/more.c
@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"more"
+#endif
+
 
 /* more */
 /* private */
@@ -86,7 +91,7 @@ static int _more_do(Prefs * prefs, char const * filename)
 /* more_error */
 static int _more_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fputs("more: ", stderr);
+	fputs(PROGNAME ": ", stderr);
 	perror(message);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -95,7 +100,7 @@ static int _more_error(char const * message, int ret)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: more [file...]\n", stderr);
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " [file...]\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/nice.c b/src/nice.c
index d464e44..c9a26fa 100644
--- a/src/nice.c
+++ b/src/nice.c
@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"nice"
+#endif
+
 
 /* nice */
 static int _nice_error(char const * message, int ret);
@@ -35,7 +40,7 @@ static int _nice(int nice, char * argv[])
 
 static int _nice_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fputs("nice: ", stderr);
+	fputs(PROGNAME ": ", stderr);
 	perror(message);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -44,7 +49,7 @@ static int _nice_error(char const * message, int ret)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: nice [-n increment] utility [argument...]\n\
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " [-n increment] utility [argument...]\n\
   -n	Priority to set\n", stderr);
 	return 1;
 }
diff --git a/src/pr.c b/src/pr.c
index 0d17571..9a8df16 100644
--- a/src/pr.c
+++ b/src/pr.c
@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <time.h>
 
+/* constants */
+#ifndef PROGNAME
+# define PROGNAME	"pr"
+#endif
+
 
 /* pr */
 /* types */
@@ -71,7 +76,7 @@ static int _pr(Prefs * prefs, int filec, char * filev[])
 
 static int _pr_error(char const * message, int ret)
 {
-	fputs("pr: ", stderr);
+	fputs(PROGNAME ": ", stderr);
 	perror(message);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -196,7 +201,7 @@ static void _do_footer(Prefs * prefs)
 /* usage */
 static int _usage(void)
 {
-	fputs("Usage: pr [+page][-column][-adFmrt][-e [char][ gap]]"
+	fputs("Usage: " PROGNAME " [+page][-column][-adFmrt][-e [char][ gap]]"
 			"[-h header][-i[char][gap]]\n"
 			"[-l lines][-n [char][width]][-o offset][-s[char]]"
 			"[-w width] file...\n",